isokyanaattiryhmästä

The isocyanate group, also known as the isocyanide functional group, has the chemical formula R−N=C. It is a type of organic compound characterized by a nitrogen atom triple-bonded to a carbon atom. This functional group is isomeric with the nitrile group (R−C≡N), meaning they share the same molecular formula but have different structural arrangements of atoms.

In terms of chemical properties, isocyanates are known for their reactivity, particularly in addition reactions. The polarized triple bond between nitrogen and carbon makes them susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This reactivity is exploited in various chemical syntheses. For example, they can react with alcohols to form urethanes and with amines to form ureas.

Isocyanates are distinct from isocyanates, which contain the functional group −N=C=O. While both involve nitrogen and carbon double or triple bonds, their structure and reactivity differ significantly. Isocyanates are often found in organic chemistry research and as intermediates in the synthesis of polymers, pharmaceuticals, and other specialty chemicals. The study of isocyanates involves understanding their electronic structure, bonding, and reaction mechanisms.