ioonivahetusvõime

ioonivahetusvõime refers to the capacity of a material to exchange ions with a surrounding solution. This property is fundamental to ion exchange resins, which are widely used in water purification, separation processes, and analytical chemistry. The ion exchange capacity is typically expressed in milliequivalents per gram (meq/g) of the resin, indicating the number of milliequivalents of exchangeable ions that can be held by one gram of the material. This capacity is influenced by factors such as the type of functional groups present on the resin, the crosslinking degree, and the swelling of the resin in the solution. Strongly acidic cation exchange resins, for example, contain sulfonic acid groups that can readily exchange hydrogen ions or other cations. Similarly, strongly basic anion exchange resins possess quaternary ammonium groups capable of exchanging hydroxide ions or other anions. The ion exchange process is reversible, meaning that the resin can be regenerated by washing it with a concentrated solution of the original ions. Understanding and controlling ionivahetusvõime is crucial for optimizing the performance of ion exchange applications.