intravenos

Intravenous administration, often shortened to IV, refers to delivering substances directly into a vein. In some languages this term appears as intravenoso or intravenenos, and it is used to describe procedures, fluids, or medications given by the venous route. IV delivery enables rapid distribution of drugs and precise control of dosing, making it a common method in hospitals and urgent care settings.

Methods and routes include peripheral venous access, where a cannula or needle is placed into a vein of the arm or hand, and central venous access, using a larger catheter placed in a central vein such as the jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein. Subtypes of administration include IV push (bolus injections) and continuous IV infusions, typically delivered via an infusion pump. Common IV fluids include isotonic saline, dextrose solutions, and balanced electrolyte solutions, and medicines are formulated for compatibility with IV administration.

Indications for IV therapy include rapid hydration, electrolyte correction, administration of antibiotics or chemotherapy, pain control, anesthesia, parenteral nutrition, and emergency resuscitation. Equipment encompasses sterile needles or cannulas, IV catheters, infusion sets, syringes, and administration pumps, along with routine monitoring of site and vitals.

Safety considerations involve aseptic technique, proper site selection, and dose accuracy. Potential complications include infiltration, phlebitis, local infection, thrombosis, air embolism, extravasation, fluid overload, and electrolyte disturbances. Regular assessment of the access site and patient response is essential to minimize risks and ensure effective therapy.