insulatorsmaterials
Insulator materials are substances with high electrical resistance and low electrical conductivity, used to prevent the unintended flow of electricity and to provide mechanical support in electrical systems. They also play a role in reducing heat transfer, so some materials function as thermal insulators in buildings and equipment. In electrical applications, insulators must withstand voltage, resist surface leakage, and endure environmental contamination, while maintaining mechanical strength and aging resistance. Thermal insulators are chosen for low thermal conductivity and adequate fire performance, weight, and durability.
Common electrical insulator materials include ceramics such as porcelain and glass; polymers such as cross-linked polyethylene,
Thermal insulating materials include mineral wool, fiberglass, polyurethane and polystyrene foams, aerogels, cellulose, cork, and natural
Selection depends on service temperature, environmental conditions, mechanical load, and cost. Insulators are evaluated for dielectric