ingerületvezetés
Ingerületvezetés, also known as nerve conduction, is the process by which a nerve impulse, or action potential, travels along a neuron. This electrochemical signal is generated when a stimulus causes a change in the electrical potential across the neuron's membrane. In a resting neuron, there is a difference in the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell, creating a resting membrane potential. When a neuron is stimulated, ion channels open, allowing ions to flow across the membrane. This rapid influx and efflux of ions causes a temporary, localized reversal of the membrane potential, known as depolarization.
This depolarization event triggers the opening of voltage-gated ion channels in the adjacent segment of the
In myelinated axons, ingerületvezetés is significantly faster due to a process called saltatory conduction. Myelin, a