inervada

Inervada is a term used in anatomy and medicine to describe a tissue, organ, or body region that receives nerve supply. Innervation refers to the distribution of nerves to a structure, enabling sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic regulation. An innervated structure can receive somatic (voluntary) motor fibers and sensory fibers, as well as autonomic (involuntary) fibers.

Innervation can be broadly categorized into somatic and autonomic components. Somatic innervation provides voluntary movement and conscious sensation, while autonomic innervation regulates the function of internal organs, glands, and blood vessels. Neurons can carry signals toward a structure (afferent) or away from it (efferent). The pattern and density of innervation influence function, sensitivity, and reflexes.

Examples of innervated tissues include skeletal muscles, which are activated by motor nerves; the skin, which is supplied with sensory nerves for touch, temperature, and pain; and internal organs such as the heart, lungs, and digestive tract, which receive autonomic innervation that modulates rate, secretion, and motility.

Clinical relevance is notable when innervation is disrupted. Denervation, the loss of nerve supply, can cause muscle weakness or atrophy, sensory loss, and impaired organ regulation. Nerve injury or diseases such as neuropathies can affect innervation, with recovery depending on nerve regeneration and compensatory mechanisms.

Etymology and usage: In medical Spanish and Portuguese, inervada is the feminine form used to describe a structure that has been supplied with nerves; related forms include inervado and inervación.