immuunitekijöillä

Immuunitekijöillä refers to molecules that play a crucial role in the immune system's function. These can encompass a wide range of substances, including antibodies, cytokines, complement proteins, and various cell surface receptors. Antibodies, for instance, are proteins produced by B cells that specifically bind to foreign substances, known as antigens, marking them for destruction. Cytokines are signaling molecules that regulate immune cell communication and activity, influencing processes like inflammation and immune cell differentiation. The complement system is a cascade of proteins that can directly lyse pathogens or enhance the phagocytic activity of immune cells. Cell surface receptors on immune cells allow them to recognize and interact with other cells or molecules, initiating or modulating immune responses. Together, these immuunitekijöillä orchestrate a complex and coordinated defense against infections, as well as playing a role in autoimmune diseases and cancer immunity. Their precise interaction and regulation are vital for maintaining health and preventing disease.