immunoterapioita

Immunoterapia, or immunotherapy, is a type of cancer treatment that helps the immune system fight cancer. The immune system normally protects the body from foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses, but it doesn't always recognize cancer cells as a threat. Immunotherapy works by either giving the immune system a boost or by helping it recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively.

There are several types of immunotherapy. Some drugs called checkpoint inhibitors block proteins that prevent the immune system from attacking cancer cells. Other types, like CAR T-cell therapy, involve collecting a patient's own immune cells, genetically modifying them in a lab to better target cancer, and then infusing them back into the patient. Vaccines are also being developed for cancer treatment, designed to stimulate the immune system to attack cancer cells.

Immunotherapy can be used alone or in combination with other cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery. It has shown promise in treating various cancers, including melanoma, lung cancer, and certain types of leukemia and lymphoma. While immunotherapy can be effective, it can also cause side effects, as the immune system can sometimes attack healthy tissues and organs. These side effects can range from mild, like skin rashes or fatigue, to more severe reactions. Research is ongoing to improve the effectiveness and reduce the side effects of these treatments.