ideghártyáját

Ideghártyáját is a Hungarian term that translates to "nerve membrane" or "nerve sheath" in English. It refers to the protective covering that surrounds nerve fibers, also known as axons. These membranes are crucial for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

There are different types of nerve membranes depending on the location and type of nerve. For example, in the peripheral nervous system, axons are often covered by a myelin sheath, which is a fatty insulating layer produced by Schwann cells. This myelin sheath significantly increases the speed at which nerve impulses travel. Between segments of the myelin sheath, there are gaps called nodes of Ranvier.

In the central nervous system, myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes. The nerve membrane, or plasma membrane of the neuron, is also essential for the transmission of electrical signals. It contains ion channels that regulate the flow of ions, creating the electrochemical gradients necessary for nerve impulse propagation. Damage to these nerve membranes, whether the myelin sheath or the underlying plasma membrane, can lead to a variety of neurological disorders, affecting sensory perception, motor control, and cognitive functions. The overall integrity and function of ideghártyáját are vital for maintaining communication throughout the body.