hüvitatud

Hävitatud is an Estonian word that functions as both an adjective and a past passive participle. It means destroyed, ruined, or annihilated, and is used to describe something that has undergone destruction. The word derives from the verb hävitama, which means to destroy.

Formation and usage are typical of Estonian participles: hävitatud is formed from hävitama with the suffix -datud. It agrees with the noun it modifies in number and case, and can be used predicatively, as in the sentence linn on hävitatud (the city has been destroyed), or attributively, as in hävitatud linn (destroyed city).

In practice, hävitatud is commonly used in historical, archaeological, and disaster reporting contexts to describe damage to infrastructure, settlements, or objects. In English, it is translated as destroyed, ruined, or annihilated. Related terms in Estonian include hävitus (destruction), hävitamine (destruction or annihilation), and hävituslik (destructive). The word is part of a broader lexicon around damage and ruin, and its exact nuance can depend on context and accompanying nouns.