hüperspektraalne

Hyperspectral refers to imaging technology that captures information across a wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum, far beyond what the human eye can perceive. Unlike traditional color (RGB) cameras that typically record light in three broad bands (red, green, and blue), hyperspectral imaging collects data in hundreds of narrow, contiguous spectral bands. This detailed spectral information allows for the identification and characterization of materials based on their unique spectral signatures, much like a fingerprint.

The process involves a hyperspectral sensor, often mounted on platforms like satellites, aircraft, drones, or ground-based systems. As light from a scene is collected, it is dispersed into its constituent wavelengths by a spectrometer and then recorded by a detector array. This creates a "data cube" where two dimensions represent the spatial location of a pixel in the image, and the third dimension represents the spectral intensity at each of those spatial locations across all the captured wavelengths.

The applications of hyperspectral imaging are diverse and continually expanding. In agriculture, it can be used to assess crop health, identify nutrient deficiencies, and detect diseases. Environmental monitoring benefits from its ability to map vegetation types, monitor water quality, and detect pollution. In geology, it aids in mineral exploration. Other fields include defense and security for target identification, food science for quality control, and medical imaging for disease diagnosis. The richness of the spectral data enables more precise and nuanced analysis compared to traditional imaging techniques.