hypertrofisiin

Hypertrofia is a biological term referring to the increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its constituent cells. This is distinct from hyperplasia, which is an increase in the number of cells. Hypertrophy is a physiological response to increased workload or demand placed upon a cell or tissue. In muscle tissue, for example, resistance training leads to microscopic tears in muscle fibers. The subsequent repair process results in an increase in the size of these fibers, making the muscle larger and stronger. This is a common type of hypertrophy observed in athletes and bodybuilders.

In cardiac muscle, hypertrophy can occur in response to conditions that increase the heart's workload, such as high blood pressure or valve disease. While some degree of cardiac hypertrophy can be a normal adaptation, excessive or pathological hypertrophy can impair heart function. Other tissues can also undergo hypertrophy. For instance, glandular tissues may hypertrophy in response to hormonal stimulation. The underlying mechanisms involve increased synthesis of cellular proteins and organelles, leading to a greater cellular volume. The reversibility of hypertrophy depends on the underlying cause and the specific tissue involved.