hydroxynaphthalene

Hydroxynaphthalene, also known as naphthol, is a group of organic compounds with the chemical formula C10H7OH. These compounds are derivatives of naphthalene, where one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a hydroxyl group (-OH). Hydroxynaphthalenes exist as isomers, meaning they have the same chemical formula but different structural arrangements. The most common isomers are 1-hydroxynaphthalene (alpha-naphthol) and 2-hydroxynaphthalene (beta-naphthol).

Alpha-naphthol and beta-naphthol are solids at room temperature and are sparingly soluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and ether. They exhibit weak acidic properties due to the hydroxyl group. These compounds are important intermediates in the synthesis of various organic chemicals, including dyes, pigments, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. For example, they are used in the production of azo dyes, which are widely employed in textiles and printing. Beta-naphthol, in particular, finds applications in the synthesis of antiseptic agents and as an antioxidant. The production of hydroxynaphthalenes typically involves the sulfonation of naphthalene followed by alkali fusion.