hydrothermaliprosesseilla
Hydrothermal processes refer to a variety of geological and industrial phenomena in which water or aqueous solutions circulate at elevated temperatures and pressures, facilitating the alteration of rocks, mineral deposition, or fluid transport. In Earth’s crust, hydrothermal fluids originate from magma, metamorphic reactions, or meteoric water that has penetrated deep fissures. As these fluids travel, they dissolve and re‑precipitate minerals, creating ore deposits such as porphyry copper, epithermal gold, and massive sulfide systems. The chemistry of the fluids, driven by temperature gradients and the composition of host rocks, determines the mineral assemblages that form.
Industrial applications of hydrothermal processes include the synthesis of high‑purity semiconductors, ceramic materials, and nanomaterials, where
Research on hydrothermal systems has advanced through both field monitoring and laboratory simulation. Geophysical methods such