hydrotermaalisien
Hydrothermal systems are natural geological environments in which hot, chemically active water circulates through rocks, typically near magmatic heat sources. As groundwater is heated and interacts with surrounding rock, it dissolves minerals. The resulting hydrothermal fluids rise and mix with cooler water, causing precipitation of minerals such as sulfides, silica, and carbonates. These processes can produce hydrothermal ore deposits and a variety of mineral textures.
Submarine hydrothermal systems are common at mid-ocean ridges and in back-arc basins. They are best known for
Biologically, hydrothermal environments support unique ecosystems based on chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis. Microbes serve as primary
Geologically and economically, hydrothermal processes concentrate metals and form ore bodies such as sulfide deposits associated
Research into hydrothermal systems informs understanding of ore genesis, geothermal potential, and the limits of life
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