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Humidity and temperature are two fundamental properties used to describe atmospheric conditions and the thermal state of a medium. Humidity refers to the amount of water vapor present and can be described in several ways, including relative humidity, absolute humidity, and specific humidity. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles, commonly reported in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit.

Relative humidity is the most common metric and expresses the percentage of water vapor in the air relative to the maximum amount the air can hold at a given temperature. When air cools to its dew point, condensation may occur, forming dew, fog, or clouds.

Measurements typically use thermometers for temperature and hygrometers for humidity. Psychrometric charts relate temperature, humidity, dew point, and other properties and are used in HVAC design and meteorology. Devices combining these measurements include thermohygrometers.

Humidity and temperature affect many domains: human comfort and health, building energy use, mold and material corrosion, crop growth and storage of perishable goods, and weather patterns.

They interact complexly; higher humidity can worsen perceived warmth at modest temperatures, while low humidity can cause dryness.

Understanding humidity and temperature enables informed decisions in weather forecasting, indoor climate control, agriculture, and industrial processes.