holdfogyatkozás

Holdfogyatkozás is the Hungarian term for lunar eclipse. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth passes directly between the Sun and the Moon, casting a shadow on the Moon. This can only happen during the full moon phase, when the Earth is in opposition to the Sun relative to the Moon. There are three main types of lunar eclipses: total, partial, and penumbral.

A total lunar eclipse happens when the entire Moon passes through the Earth's umbra, the darkest part of its shadow. During a total lunar eclipse, the Moon often takes on a reddish hue, sometimes referred to as a "blood moon." This color is due to sunlight being filtered and refracted by the Earth's atmosphere. Different atmospheric conditions can cause variations in the shade of red.

A partial lunar eclipse occurs when only a portion of the Moon enters the Earth's umbra. In this case, a part of the Moon will appear darkened, while the rest remains illuminated. A penumbral lunar eclipse is the most subtle type, where the Moon passes through the Earth's penumbra, the lighter, outer part of its shadow. This type of eclipse may be difficult to observe as the dimming of the Moon is often very slight.

Lunar eclipses are safe to view with the naked eye, binoculars, or a telescope, unlike solar eclipses, which require special protective eyewear. They are visible from any location on Earth where the Moon is above the horizon during the eclipse. The frequency and visibility of lunar eclipses vary depending on orbital mechanics.