hlediskem

Hlediskem is the instrumental singular form of the Czech noun hledisko, which means a viewpoint, perspective, aspect, or criterion. The noun refers to a particular standpoint from which something is considered or analyzed. In ordinary usage, the common expression to denote viewpoint is z hlediska, followed by a noun in the genitive (for example, z hlediska ekonomiky).

Etymology and form: hledisko is built from the verb hledět, “to look,” with the suffix -isko forming a noun that names a place or basis for looking. The word belongs to the neuter gender. Its plural is hlediska, while the genitive plural is hledisek. The instrumental singular, used for the noun itself in certain constructions, is hlediskem.

Usage and notes: In modern Czech, the fixed construction z hlediska is widely used to mean “from the viewpoint of” or “in terms of.” The instrumental form hlediskem is less common and typically appears in more formal or literary contexts, where the noun is functioning as the head of a phrase or in syntactic positions that require the instrumental case. It is not generally used in the standard z hlediska constructions, which prefer the genitive after the preposition.

See also: hledisko, z hlediska. References: standard Czech grammar and dictionaries describe hledisko as viewpoint or aspect, with instrumental form hlediskem and plural hlediska.