histamíni

Histamine is a biogenic amine that plays a crucial role in the human body, primarily as a neurotransmitter and mediator of immune responses. It is produced by the decarboxylation of the amino acid histidine. Histamine is found in various tissues, including the skin, lungs, and brain, and is stored in mast cells and basophils.

In the immune system, histamine is released in response to allergens or injury. This release triggers the inflammatory process, causing vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and smooth muscle contraction. These effects are responsible for the typical symptoms of allergic reactions, such as itching, redness, swelling, and bronchoconstriction. Antihistamines are medications that block histamine receptors, thereby reducing these symptoms.

Beyond its role in immunity, histamine acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, influencing wakefulness, appetite, and cognitive functions. It also plays a part in the regulation of gastric acid secretion in the stomach. Dietary sources of histamine include fermented foods, aged cheeses, and certain fish. For individuals with histamine intolerance, a condition where the body has difficulty breaking down histamine, consuming these foods can lead to adverse reactions.