hexóza

Hexose is a type of monosaccharide, a simple sugar, that contains six carbon atoms. It is a fundamental component of carbohydrates and plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Hexoses are classified into two main categories: aldoses and ketoses. Aldoses have an aldehyde group at the end of the carbon chain, while ketoses have a ketone group. Glucose and fructose are common examples of hexoses, with glucose being an aldose and fructose being a ketose.

Hexoses are essential for energy production in cells. They are often converted into glucose-6-phosphate, which can then enter the glycolytic pathway to produce ATP, the primary energy currency of the cell. Hexoses are also building blocks for the synthesis of more complex carbohydrates, such as glycogen and cellulose. In plants, hexoses are a major component of starch and cellulose, which are used for energy storage and structural support.

Hexoses are found in various foods, including fruits, vegetables, and grains. They are often used in the food industry as sweeteners and thickeners. However, excessive consumption of hexoses can lead to health issues, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, due to their rapid conversion into fat and the potential for insulin resistance. Therefore, a balanced diet that includes a variety of carbohydrates is important for maintaining overall health.