headpond

A headpond is a small, artificial pond or reservoir created above a water intake structure, such as a hydroelectric dam, weir, or pumping station. Its primary purpose is to provide a reliable and consistent supply of water to the downstream facility. Headponds help to regulate water flow, ensuring that the intake always has sufficient water available, even during periods of fluctuating river levels or demand.

By creating a temporary storage area, a headpond can also act as a settling basin. Suspended sediment and debris carried by the water can settle out in the headpond before the water is drawn into the intake. This settling process helps to protect downstream equipment from abrasion and clogging, extending its operational lifespan and reducing maintenance requirements. The design of a headpond can vary depending on the specific application, but typically involves excavation and the construction of embankments or retaining walls to hold the water.