határozóforma

A határozóforma, often translated as the definite form or definite conjugation, is a grammatical feature found in some agglutinative languages, most notably Hungarian. It refers to a verb conjugation that indicates the verb is acting upon a specific, definite direct object. This contrasts with the indefinite form, which is used when the direct object is indefinite, unspecified, or absent.

The presence of a definite object triggers a change in the verb's suffix or prefix, signaling this specificity. For instance, in Hungarian, the verb "olvas" (to read) can take different forms depending on whether the object is definite or indefinite. "Olvasok egy könyvet" means "I read a book" (indefinite object, indefinite conjugation). However, "Olvasom a könyvet" means "I read the book" (definite object, definite conjugation). The distinction is crucial for conveying precise meaning and is a fundamental aspect of the language's grammatical structure. This feature helps distinguish between a general action and an action directed towards a particular entity.