handlowymi

Handlowymi is the instrumental plural form of the Polish adjective handlowy, meaning "commercial" or "trade-related." It is used to describe nouns that are in the instrumental case, which occurs in various formal or technical contexts. Common examples include umowami handlowymi (trade agreements in the instrumental), relacjami handlowymi (trade relations), and programami handlowymi (commercial programs).

Etymology and form: The adjective handlowy derives from handel, meaning "trade," with the suffix -owy to form an adjective. Polish adjectives agree with the nouns they modify in number, gender, and case; the instrumental plural form is handlowymi. This form is used across genders in noun phrases that are in the instrumental case.

Usage: Handlowymi appears primarily in legal, business, and economic writing to specify aspects related to commerce. It often modifies nouns in phrases that describe processes, agreements, relationships, or policies with a commercial or trade focus.

Notes: Handlowymi is not a standalone noun; it is an inflected form of the adjective handlowy. In noun phrases, word order can vary, but both the noun and the adjective can appear in instrumental plural when the context requires it, as in umowami handlowymi or relacjami handlowymi.