hafnaði

Hafnaði is the simple past tense form of the Icelandic verb hafna, which means to deny, refuse, or reject. The infinitive is hafna; the present tense is hafnar; the past participle is hafnað. Hafnaði is used to describe an instance of denial or rejection that has already occurred, and it is common in both formal and informal contexts.

Usage and examples: Hafnaði is typically used with a direct object in the accusative. For example, "Hann hafnaði kröfu" means "He refused the demand." Another common construction is passive or impersonal, as in "Tillaga var hafnað" meaning "The proposal was rejected." In narrative or reporting language, hafnaði conveys a decisive outcome in decisions, negotiations, or disputes.

Etymology and related forms: The verb hafna originates in Old Norse hafna and has cognates in other Germanic languages that carry the sense of denying or refusing. In modern Icelandic, hafna retains this core meaning, with hafnaði serving as the past tense form and hafnað as the past participle used in various passive constructions.

See also: hafna, hafnað, hafnaði kröfu, tillaga var hafnað.