grunnskoler

Grunnskoler is the term used for the compulsory, publicly funded primary and lower secondary education in Norway. The system covers ten school years for all children and youths, typically organized as barneskole (grades 1–7) and ungdomsskole (grades 8–10). Education in grunnskolen is mandatory and free in public schools, with independent friskoler (private schools) that receive government funding under national rules.

The administration of grunnskolar is mainly the responsibility of municipalities, with the state providing overarching funding and framework. The Education Act guarantees the right to a good and inclusive education, and municipalities are required to ensure equitable access, quality teaching, and appropriate support services, including special education when needed.

Curriculum and assessment are governed by national guidelines that set aims, core subjects, and competence goals for each grade. Typical subjects include Norwegian, mathematics, English, natural and social sciences, arts and crafts, physical education, and religion, ethics and worldview or an equivalent subject. Schools implement the national framework locally, adapting to pupil needs and local circumstances. Assessment relies on ongoing teacher evaluations and term grades, and there are national tests at selected grades to monitor learning progress.

Grunnskolen aims to provide a broad, balanced education that prepares students for videregående opplæring (upper secondary school) and lifelong learning. Upon completing grunnskolen, most students proceed to videregående skole, choosing a general or vocational track that leads to further education or entry into the workforce. The system emphasizes equality of opportunity, inclusion, and support for diverse learner needs.