grundvallarhúsið

Grundvallarhúsið is a term that translates from Icelandic to "foundation house" or "basement house." It refers to a type of historical dwelling primarily found in Iceland. These structures are characterized by their construction, which typically involves an excavated basement or cellar serving as the main living space. The walls of the foundation house were often built from stone, sometimes with turf or wood used for the upper portions.

The practical advantages of building partially underground in Iceland's harsh climate were significant. The earth provided insulation against cold winds and temperature fluctuations, making the dwelling warmer in winter and cooler in summer. This also offered protection from storms. The excavated nature of the living area meant that less material was needed for construction, which was particularly important in a land with limited timber resources.

Grundvallarhús were common in rural areas of Iceland for centuries, from the Viking Age settlement period up until the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They represent an adaptation to the challenging Icelandic environment and are an important part of the country's architectural heritage. While many have fallen into ruin, some preserved examples can be found today, offering insights into the lives of early Icelandic settlers. The design reflects a deep understanding of local conditions and resourcefulness in building.