grafté

Grafté is the past participle form of the English verb graft, meaning to join tissue, shoot, or other material from one plant or organism to another so that they grow as a single organism. In French-language texts, the standard adjective for this concept is greffé, since the French verb is greffer. As a result, grafté is not the conventional form in French, but may appear in multilingual contexts or when English usage is preserved within a text.

In horticulture, grafting is a propagation technique used to combine desirable traits from two plants. A scion, which carries the desired fruiting or ornamental characteristics, is attached to a rootstock that provides vigor or disease resistance. Grafted plants can produce cultivars that would not survive on their own roots. Common methods include whip-and-tongue grafting, cleft grafting, and bud grafting. The success of a graft depends on compatible tissues, proper alignment of vascular connections, and careful aftercare.

In medicine and biology, grafting refers to the transplantation of tissue or organs between individuals or within the same organism. Autografts involve the same individual, while allografts use a donor of the same species; xenografts use a different species. Grafting is also used in developmental biology and experimental research to study tissue interactions and regenerative processes.

Beyond biology, the term graft can denote corruption or illicit enrichment in political or organizational contexts, commonly expressed in English as grafting or graft. This sense is distinct from the botanical or medical uses and is not tied to the form grafté.