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Glial cells, or glia, are non-neuronal cells of the nervous system that provide essential support for neurons. They participate in a wide range of functions that help neurons develop, survive, and communicate. In the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), the major glial cell types differ, with astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells in the CNS, and Schwann cells and satellite cells in the PNS.
The principal roles of glial cells include structural support and guidance for developing neurons, maintenance of
Glial cells arise from neural progenitor cells during development, with most CNS glia originating from radial
Research on glia uses diverse approaches, including glial cultures, induced pluripotent stem cell–derived glia, and brain