giudica

Giudica is the Italian verb giudicare in the present tense, used for the third-person singular as he/she/it judges. It is also the informal second-person singular imperative form, used to issue a direct command such as “Judge!” in everyday speech. The same spelling can appear in other contexts, for example as part of a formal present tense in phrases like Lei giudica (you judge, formal), where Lei uses the third-person form.

Etymology and tense family: Giudicare comes from Latin iudicare, meaning to judge or evaluate. It belongs to the regular -are verb conjugation in Italian. The root giudic- takes typical -o, -i, -a, -iamo, -ate, -ano endings in the present indicative.

Conjugation (present indicative): io giudico, tu giudichi, lui/lei giudica, noi giudichiamo, voi giudicate, loro giudicano. The form giudica specifically corresponds to he/she/it judges, and also serves as the tu imperative form when issuing a command: giudica!

Usage: Giudicare is used to express forming an opinion, evaluating evidence, or passing judgment on people, actions, or situations. It can refer to moral assessment, everyday appraisal, or formal/legal judgment. In legal contexts, a judge or deciding body may giudica cases, though the noun for a judge is giudice. Common constructions include giudicare qualcuno per qualcosa (to judge someone for something) and giudicare che + clause (to judge that).

See also: giudice, giudizio, valutare.