geotérmicas

Geotérmicas refers to geothermal energy, which is heat energy generated and stored within the Earth. This heat originates from the planet's formation and the radioactive decay of minerals. Geothermal energy can be harnessed in various ways, most commonly for electricity generation and direct heating applications.

In electricity generation, geothermal power plants tap into underground reservoirs of hot water and steam. This fluid is brought to the surface and used to drive turbines connected to generators, producing electricity. There are different types of geothermal power plants, including dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle plants, each suited to different temperature ranges of the geothermal resource.

Direct use applications utilize geothermal heat for purposes such as heating buildings, greenhouses, and aquaculture ponds, as well as for industrial processes like drying timber and pasteurizing milk. Geothermal heat pumps also leverage the stable temperature of the Earth near the surface to provide efficient heating and cooling for buildings.

Geothermal energy is considered a renewable and sustainable energy source because the Earth's heat is continuously replenished. Its environmental impact is generally low compared to fossil fuels, with minimal greenhouse gas emissions. However, the availability and viability of geothermal resources vary geographically, and the initial investment for drilling and infrastructure can be significant.