geologiji

Geologiji is the scientific study of the Earth. It encompasses the physical and chemical properties of the planet, its history, and the processes that shape its surface and interior. Geologists investigate rocks, minerals, landforms, and the forces that create and alter them, such as plate tectonics, volcanism, and erosion. This field of study helps us understand the Earth's formation, its resources like fossil fuels and minerals, and natural hazards like earthquakes and landslides.

The discipline of geologiji is divided into various sub-disciplines. Mineralogy focuses on minerals, petrology on rocks, and sedimentology on sediments. Paleontology studies fossils and ancient life, while stratigraphy examines rock layers and their chronological order. Geophysics uses physical principles to study the Earth's interior, and geochemistry analyzes the chemical composition of Earth materials. Applied geology utilizes geological knowledge for practical purposes, such as resource exploration, engineering projects, and environmental management. Through observation, fieldwork, laboratory analysis, and modeling, geologiji provides crucial insights into our planet's past, present, and future.