fúziósenergia

Fusion energy, known as fúziósenergia in Hungarian, is the energy released when two light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus. This process is the same one that powers stars, including our Sun. The most promising fusion reaction for energy generation involves isotopes of hydrogen: deuterium and tritium. When these isotopes are heated to extremely high temperatures, over 100 million degrees Celsius, they form a plasma. Within this plasma, the nuclei have enough kinetic energy to overcome their mutual electrostatic repulsion and fuse. The fusion of deuterium and tritium releases a significant amount of energy, primarily in the form of fast-moving neutrons and helium nuclei. Harnessing this energy for practical electricity generation is a major scientific and engineering challenge. The primary hurdles include achieving and sustaining the required high temperatures and pressures, confining the superheated plasma, and efficiently capturing the released energy. Research efforts worldwide are focused on developing technologies like tokamaks and stellarators to achieve controlled nuclear fusion. Successful fusion power plants would offer a virtually inexhaustible and clean energy source, as the fuel is abundant and the process produces no long-lived radioactive waste.