förmaksventrikelliklaffarna

Förmaksventrikelliklaffarna, also known as atrioventricular valves, are crucial components of the heart's circulatory system. These valves are located between the atria and the ventricles. In the human heart, there are two primary atrioventricular valves: the tricuspid valve and the mitral valve. The tricuspid valve is situated between the right atrium and the right ventricle, while the mitral valve, also called the bicuspid valve, is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

The primary function of the atrioventricular valves is to ensure unidirectional blood flow through the heart. They open to allow blood to flow from the atria into the ventricles during diastole (relaxation of the heart muscle). When the ventricles contract (systole), the pressure within them increases, causing the atrioventricular valves to close. This closure prevents the backflow of blood into the atria, directing it forward into the aorta and pulmonary artery, respectively. The valves consist of leaflets, also known as cusps, which are attached to the ventricular walls by chordae tendineae. These fibrous cords, along with papillary muscles, prevent the valve leaflets from prolapsing or inverting into the atria during ventricular contraction. Malfunctions of these valves, such as stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leakage), can lead to significant cardiovascular problems.