fénytöréssel

Fénytörés, also known as refraction, is the bending of a wave, such as light or sound, as it passes from one medium into another. This phenomenon occurs because the speed of the wave changes as it enters a different medium. The amount of bending depends on the properties of the two media, specifically their refractive indices. The refractive index of a medium is a measure of how much light slows down in that medium compared to its speed in a vacuum. When light travels from a medium with a lower refractive index to one with a higher refractive index, it bends towards the normal (an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence). Conversely, when light travels from a medium with a higher refractive index to one with a lower refractive index, it bends away from the normal.

Fénytörés is responsible for many observable optical effects. For instance, it causes a straw placed in a glass of water to appear bent or broken at the water's surface. It also explains why rainbows form; sunlight is refracted and reflected by water droplets in the atmosphere, separating the white light into its constituent colors. Lenses, used in eyeglasses, telescopes, and microscopes, work by refracting light to focus or diverge it. The study of fénytöréssel is fundamental to understanding optics and has numerous applications in science and technology.