fáziseltolódási

Fáziseltolódás, often translated as phase shift or phase lag/lead, refers to the difference in phase between two periodic signals. In many scientific and engineering contexts, particularly in the study of waves, oscillations, and alternating current (AC) circuits, understanding fáziseltolódás is crucial. It describes how one wave or signal is ahead or behind another at any given point in time.

The fáziseltolódás can be measured in degrees, radians, or as a fraction of a period. A fáziseltolódás of 0 degrees means the two signals are in phase, reaching their peaks and troughs simultaneously. A fáziseltolódás of 180 degrees indicates they are in opposite phase, with one reaching its peak when the other reaches its trough.

In AC circuits, fáziseltolódás commonly occurs between voltage and current. This is due to the presence of reactive components like capacitors and inductors. Capacitors tend to cause the current to lead the voltage, while inductors cause the current to lag the voltage. This phenomenon is fundamental to understanding impedance and power factor in AC systems. In wave phenomena, such as sound or light waves, fáziseltolódás can lead to constructive or destructive interference depending on the magnitude of the shift.