fotovoltaickém

Fotovoltaický, also known as photovoltaic, refers to the conversion of light into electrical energy by photovoltaic cells. These cells, typically made from semiconducting materials, contain many layers of tiny light-absorbing material.

When sunlight hits a photovoltaic cell, it excites the electrons in the material, causing them to become excited and flow through the material. This flow of electrons is what generates the electrical current.

The photovoltaic effect was first discovered in 1839 by French physicist Edmond Becquerel. Since then, the technology has improved significantly, and it has become a widely used method for generating renewable energy.

Today, photovoltaic cells are used not only in solar panels but also in a variety of other applications, including calculators, watches, and spacecraft. They are also used to power homes, businesses, and entire communities.

The efficiency of photovoltaic cells, or their ability to convert sunlight into electrical energy, has improved over time. While older cells may have had an efficiency of around 10%, modern cells can achieve efficiencies of up to 23%. Advances in material science and nanotechnology have contributed to these improvements.

Despite the advancements, photovoltaic cells are still relatively expensive and often discontinued. Researchers and manufacturers continue to strive for higher efficiency and lower costs as the demand for renewable energy continues to grow.