fotoreseptoreja

Fotoreseptoreja, also known as photoreceptors, are specialized cells in the retina of the eye that are responsible for detecting light and initiating the visual perception process. There are two main types of photoreceptors: rods and cones. Rods are highly sensitive to low levels of light and are responsible for vision in dim conditions, while cones are responsible for color vision and detail perception in bright light. Each type of photoreceptor contains a light-sensitive pigment called rhodopsin in rods and various opsins in cones. When light photons hit these pigments, they undergo a chemical change that triggers a series of events leading to the generation of electrical signals. These signals are then transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve, allowing us to perceive the visual world around us. The distribution and density of rods and cones vary across the retina, with the highest concentration of cones found in the fovea, the central part of the retina, which is crucial for sharp, color vision. Damage to photoreceptors can lead to various vision impairments, including night blindness and color vision deficiencies.