fotomultiplator

A photomultiplier tube, commonly referred to as a photomultiplier or PMT, is a highly sensitive vacuum tube used to detect light. It operates on the principle of the photoelectric effect, where incident photons eject electrons from a photosensitive surface. The photomultiplier consists of a photocathode, a series of dynodes, and an anode. When light strikes the photocathode, it emits electrons, which are then accelerated towards the first dynode. Each dynode is maintained at a higher positive voltage than the previous one, causing the electrons to strike and release more electrons in a process known as secondary emission. This cascade effect results in a significant amplification of the initial signal, producing a measurable electrical pulse at the anode. Photomultipliers are widely used in various applications, including scientific research, medical imaging, and night vision devices, due to their high sensitivity and low noise characteristics. They are available in different configurations, such as end-window, side-window, and windowless types, depending on the specific requirements of the application.