fotoaparats

A fotoaparats, or camera, is a device used to capture and record images, either as a still photograph or a moving sequence of images, which can be stored digitally or chemically on film. The fundamental principle behind a camera involves a light-sensitive surface, such as a digital sensor or photographic film, and a lens that focuses light onto this surface. The lens controls the amount of light entering the camera and the sharpness of the image. The opening within the lens, known as the aperture, can be adjusted to control the exposure and depth of field. The shutter, a mechanism that opens and closes, determines the duration for which light strikes the sensor or film.

Early cameras, such as the camera obscura, were simple devices that projected an image. The invention of photographic plates and later film allowed for the permanent capture of these images. The development of roll film and then digital sensors revolutionized photography, making cameras more accessible and portable. Modern fotoaparats range from simple point-and-shoot devices to sophisticated digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) and mirrorless cameras, offering advanced features for professional and amateur photographers alike. They are essential tools for documentation, art, communication, and scientific research.