formaldehydem

Formaldehyde is a chemical compound with the formula CH2O. It is the simplest of the aldehydes. Formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a pungent, suffocating odor. It is highly reactive and readily polymerizes.

Formaldehyde is produced industrially by the catalytic oxidation of methanol. It is a significant chemical intermediate, used in the production of a wide range of materials. Its most common use is in the production of resins, such as urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde, and melamine-formaldehyde. These resins are used in the manufacture of adhesives, particleboard, plywood, laminates, and molding compounds. Formaldehyde is also used as a disinfectant, a preservative, and in the production of other chemicals, including polyoxymethylene plastic and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI).

Exposure to formaldehyde can cause irritation to the eyes, nose, and throat. At higher concentrations, it can lead to respiratory problems and has been classified as a known human carcinogen by several health organizations. Levels in indoor air can be elevated due to building materials, furniture, and consumer products that off-gas formaldehyde. Regulations and guidelines exist in many countries to limit formaldehyde emissions and exposure.