foreshortimise

Foreshortimise is a term used in art and illustration to describe the visual effect of an object or a figure appearing shorter or compressed as a result of its perspective. This occurs when an element is depicted extending directly towards or away from the viewer. The parts of the object that are closer to the viewer appear larger and more detailed, while the parts that are farther away appear smaller and less distinct.

This technique is crucial for creating a sense of depth and three-dimensionality in a two-dimensional artwork. Artists use foreshortening to make characters appear to be lunging forward, reaching out, or lying down in a way that convincingly occupies space. Without foreshortening, objects viewed from an angle might appear flat or unrealistic.

Examples of foreshortening can be seen in numerous artworks throughout history. Paintings and drawings of battles, dynamic poses in figure studies, and even still lifes where objects are angled towards the viewer often employ this technique. The skill in executing foreshortening lies in accurately depicting the relative proportions and distortions that perspective creates, ensuring the final image is convincing to the viewer's eye. Understanding and applying foreshortening is a fundamental aspect of developing strong observational drawing and painting skills.