flavonoideille

Flavonoids are a diverse group of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants. They are widespread in fruits, vegetables, grains, bark, roots, stems, flowers, and tea. The basic structure of a flavonoid consists of a C6-C3-C6 carbon framework, comprising two benzene rings (A and B) linked by a three-carbon chain that forms a heterocyclic ring (C). This basic structure can undergo various modifications, leading to over 6,000 identified flavonoid compounds.

These compounds are often categorized into subclasses based on the oxidation level of the C ring and the connection of the B ring. Common subclasses include flavanols, flavones, flavonols, flavanones, anthocyanidins, and isoflavones. The color of many fruits and flowers is due to the presence of flavonoids, particularly anthocyanins.

Flavonoids are well-known for their antioxidant properties, meaning they can help neutralize harmful free radicals in the body. They are also investigated for various other potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and cardioprotective effects. Dietary intake of flavonoids is primarily through consumption of plant-based foods.