ferroptosia

Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides. Unlike apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, ferroptosis is a recently identified type of cell death that is distinct from other forms of regulated cell death. It was first described in 2012 by a team of researchers led by Dr. David A. Thompson at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Ferroptosis is induced by the inhibition of the cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc-, which leads to the accumulation of iron and the subsequent generation of lipid peroxides. This process is mediated by the enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), which is responsible for the reduction of lipid peroxides. The inhibition of GPX4 activity results in the accumulation of lipid peroxides, which are toxic to the cell and lead to its death.

Ferroptosis has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. It is also involved in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, such as malaria and HIV. The regulation of ferroptosis is a complex process that involves the interaction of multiple cellular pathways, including the antioxidant system, the iron metabolism, and the lipid metabolism.

The study of ferroptosis is an active area of research, and new insights into its mechanisms and regulation are being discovered. The development of therapeutic strategies to target ferroptosis is also an area of active research, with the goal of developing new treatments for diseases that are associated with this form of cell death.