fenyyliaminit

Fenyyliaminit, also known as aniline, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5NH2. It is the simplest aromatic amine. It consists of a phenyl group attached to an amino group. Pure aniline is a colorless oily liquid, but it tends to darken and become discolored when exposed to air and light due to oxidation. It has a distinct, somewhat unpleasant odor.

Aniline is a weak base and reacts with acids to form aniline salts. It is an important intermediate in the synthesis of many industrial chemicals. Its primary use is in the production of polyurethane, which is used in foams, elastomers, and coatings. Aniline is also a precursor to dyes, pigments, and rubber processing chemicals. Historically, it was a key component in the development of synthetic dyes, revolutionizing the textile industry.

The production of aniline primarily involves the reduction of nitrobenzene. This can be achieved through various methods, including catalytic hydrogenation or reaction with iron and acid. Aniline is toxic and can be absorbed through the skin. Exposure can cause methemoglobinemia, a condition that impairs the blood's ability to carry oxygen. Therefore, proper handling and safety precautions are essential when working with aniline.