feðmr

feðmr is a term derived from Old Norse, commonly translated as "family" or "kin." It encompasses a broader concept than just immediate relatives, often including a wider network of blood relations, in-laws, and sometimes even close associates who are considered part of the extended household or clan. The concept of feðmr was central to the social structure of Viking Age Scandinavia. It dictated obligations, loyalties, and responsibilities between individuals. Membership in a feðmr provided a sense of belonging and mutual support, which was crucial in a society where individual survival and prosperity were often tied to collective strength. Conversely, being ostracized from one's feðmr could have severe consequences, including social isolation and a lack of protection. The strength and unity of a feðmr were highly valued, and disputes within or between families were often matters of great importance, sometimes leading to feuds that could span generations. The term reflects a deep-seated understanding of kinship as a fundamental organizing principle of society.