faryngální

Faryngální refers to anything relating to the pharynx. The pharynx is a part of the throat that is behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the esophagus and larynx. It is part of the respiratory and digestive systems. In humans, the pharynx is divided into three parts: the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx. The nasopharynx is the uppermost part, connecting to the nasal cavity. The oropharynx is the middle part, behind the oral cavity, and the laryngopharynx is the lowest part, connecting to the larynx and esophagus.

The pharynx plays a crucial role in swallowing, breathing, and speech. During swallowing, the epiglottis covers the opening of the larynx to prevent food from entering the airway. The muscles of the pharynx contract to push food down into the esophagus. In terms of respiration, the pharynx allows air to pass from the nasal cavity or mouth to the larynx. It also contributes to speech by acting as a resonator for sounds produced by the vocal cords.

Medical conditions affecting the pharynx include pharyngitis, commonly known as a sore throat, which is an inflammation of the pharynx. Other conditions include tonsillitis, inflammation of the tonsils which are located in the oropharynx, and various infections and growths that can affect different parts of the pharynx. The study of the pharynx and its related structures falls within the fields of anatomy, physiology, and medicine, particularly otolaryngology (ear, nose, and throat).