faryngeální

Faryngeální refers to the pharynx, a muscular tube located behind the nasal cavity and mouth, extending from the base of the skull to the level of the sixth cervical vertebra. The pharynx plays a crucial role in both the respiratory and digestive systems. It serves as a passageway for air during breathing and for food and liquids during swallowing. The pharynx is divided into three main regions: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.

The nasopharynx is the uppermost part of the pharynx, located behind the nasal cavity. It is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and contains the pharyngeal tonsils, also known as adenoids. The oropharynx is the middle part, located behind the oral cavity. It is lined with stratified squamous epithelium and contains the palatine tonsils. The laryngopharynx is the lower part, located behind the larynx. It is also lined with stratified squamous epithelium and connects to the esophagus and larynx.

The pharynx is innervated by the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) and the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX). It is supplied by the external carotid artery and internal carotid artery. The pharynx is an important site for the production of antibodies and the immune response, as it contains lymphoid tissue.

Dysfunction or disease of the pharynx can lead to various symptoms, including difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, and nasal congestion. Common conditions affecting the pharynx include pharyngitis (inflammation of the pharynx), tonsillitis (inflammation of the tonsils), and pharyngeal cancer. Treatment options depend on the specific condition and may include antibiotics, pain relievers, or surgical intervention.