faktyczne

Faktyczne is a Polish adjective meaning real, actual, or factual. It describes information, statements, or conditions that correspond to reality or to facts, as opposed to theoretical, hypothetical, or speculative. The word derives from fakt (fact) with the suffix -yczny and is used across formal and informal contexts.

In usage, faktyczny typically modifies nouns: faktyczne dane, faktyczne okoliczności, faktyczny stan rzeczy. Common phrases include stan faktyczny (the factual state of affairs) and faktyczne dowody (actual evidence). It can be contrasted with terms such as potoczny or hipotetyczny. The adverbial form is faktycznie, meaning in fact or actually.

In legal and journalistic contexts, stan faktyczny refers to the objective, verifiable facts as opposed to legal interpretation or opinion. In science and everyday language, it is used to emphasize that claims are grounded in observation and measurement rather than speculation.

Related terms include faktyczność (factuality) and fakt (fact). While synonyms exist, takich as rzeczywisty for real and prawdziwy for true, faktyczny emphasizes correspondence with actual facts. The term is widely understood in Polish and is used across genres, from academic writing to media reports.