fabrikssatte

Fabrikssatte is a term that originates from the Norwegian language, where "fabrikk" means factory and "satte" means set or established. It refers to a specific type of industrial settlement or company town that emerged during the industrialization of Norway, particularly in the 19th and early 20th centuries. These settlements were typically established by industrialists or entrepreneurs who built factories and other industrial facilities in rural areas, often near sources of water power or raw materials.

The primary purpose of fabrikssatte was to house and support the workers employed in the nearby factories. These settlements usually included housing for workers and their families, as well as various amenities such as schools, churches, and stores. The layout and design of these settlements were often influenced by the industrialist's vision and the specific needs of the factory. In some cases, fabrikssatte developed into significant industrial centers, contributing to the economic growth and modernization of Norway.

One notable example of a fabrikssatte is the town of Rjukan, established in 1905 by the Norsk Hydro company to support its nitrogen fertilizer production plant. Rjukan is known for its unique urban planning, which was designed to maximize sunlight exposure in a deep valley, and its role in the heavy water sabotage during World War II.

Fabrikssatte played a crucial role in Norway's industrial development, facilitating the concentration of labor and resources in specific locations. However, they also represented a form of industrial paternalism, where the industrialist had significant control over the lives of the workers and their families. The legacy of fabrikssatte can still be seen in many Norwegian towns and cities, where the historical industrial infrastructure and worker housing have been preserved and adapted for modern use.