ereductase

Ereductase is a class of enzymes that catalyze reduction reactions. These enzymes are essential for a wide variety of metabolic processes in living organisms. Reductases typically use reducing equivalents, such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), to donate electrons to a substrate. This process results in the addition of hydrogen atoms or the removal of oxygen atoms from the substrate.

The specific function of an reductase depends on the type of substrate it acts upon. For example, some reductases are involved in the detoxification of harmful compounds by reducing them to less toxic forms. Others play crucial roles in biosynthesis, such as the reduction of double bonds in fatty acid synthesis or the reduction of carbonyl groups in the production of alcohols. Enzymes involved in steroid metabolism and the reduction of xenobiotics are also classified as reductases.

The activity of reductases is often regulated by various factors, including the concentration of substrates and cofactors, as well as the presence of activators or inhibitors. These enzymes are found in all domains of life, from bacteria to humans, highlighting their fundamental importance in biological systems. Research into reductases continues to uncover new roles and potential applications, particularly in areas like drug development and biocatalysis.